360 Feedback Blog

This is a great blog from the ever-refreshing Peter Honey in People Management yesterday.  It’s about the recent claim that every school needs an incompetent teacher so that kids can learn how to deal with incompetence in the future.

If you take Peter’s path to its logical conclustion, we would also need a certain level of incompetence in the workplace to give people new and useful learning experiences in how to deal with incompetent managers and colleagues.  This would then require us to assess for Incompetence in the annual appraisal, ensure that new recruits had a certain level of Incompetence and inlcude Incompetence in leadership and senior manager development programmes!  

I like this reverse thinking so much, I’m even thinking of developing a Incompetency 360 Degree Feedback - any ideas of what you might like to include?!

Here are some thoughts on giving feedback from our 360 Degree Feedback discussion group on UK Training Zone.

In this poll, reported in the US, 68%  of managers believe that looks have an impact on the way managers rate job perforamance.

If this survey is to be believed, Attractiveness comes only below Experience and Confidence in recruitment situations, and trumps Education and a sense of Humour - apparently known as the ‘Hottie’ effect!  The author advises those of us who are non-Hotties not to despair but to make the best of whatever assets we have…..

On a more serious note though, how can we overcome these biases which appear to be inbuilt in most of us and can make a big difference in how employees’ performance is judged?

The first answer is Awareness: once we’re aware of our biases, our assumptions and things like the Halo and Horns Effect, we can start to adjust our opinions of that person and inject some objectivity into our appraisal of their performance  (for more on Halo/Horns, go to 360 Degree Feedback and download our paper entitled What Not To Do When Giving Great Feedback ).

Second is judging people on what they have actually done, so setting SMART objectives is critical (Specific, Measurable, Action-based, Relevant and Timely).

Third is making sure that your own judgement is not the only one that counts….tools like 360 Degree Feedback are very important in ensuring that a number of different people have input into the appraisal, and that there is consistency in assessing performance, especially in hard to measure areas like management, leadership and team working.

We love this concise business case for measuring and managing performance: in this clip from Radio 4’s The Bottom Line, Jacqueline de Rojas,  UK and Ireland vice-president of software company, McAfee, talks about the importance of ‘Inspecting what you expect’ - setting performance goals and regularly measuring against them.  

360 Degree Feedback, Appraisal and Performance Review are just as important for teams as they are for individual employees.

In this article, the brilliant Marshall Goldsmith talks about an exercise he conducts in providing Feedforward, as well as feedback, to people who are looking to change their behaviours and improve their leadership skills.

For me the critical points are that:

1. This is an important supplement to feedback, including 360 Degree Feedback - we always recommend that colleagues provide Feedforward in some way….How Mary can manage team meetings more effectively, Things I would like to see Mary start doing,  or What I would like to see Mary continue doing…

2. There is a more positive response because the Feedforward can feel less judgemental than feedback

3. It’s critical that people receiving feedback are able to listen and take it on board - more on this in another blog - but Marshall Goldsmith is big on saying ‘Thanks for your feedback’ and then keeping quiet!

In this video interview in today’s Guardian, the author of The Black Swan, Nassim Nicholas Taleb has some very interesting things to say about power, knowledge, beliefs and behaviours. 

From a workplace point of view, we see that people behave differently on their own, within their team, within the organisation, and then collectively, as an organisation, interacting with the outside world.   Collective beliefs and behaviours have a big influence on the individual, so when we’re looking to make individual or organisational change happen, we need to analyse and understand what those collective beliefs and behaviours are, and how they are skewing the behaviours of individuals. 

Maybe if we’d done that with the banking sector a few years ago, we could have avoided some of the consequences of the actions and groupthink that have led to the current economic problems.

360 Degree Feedback

Recent research published in this Science Daily article shows that the timing of expected feedback impacts individuals’ performance, and that the sooner you give someone feedback, the more effect it has on her or his performance.

So the message from this study appears to confirm what managers and supervisors have known for a long time - that you should give feedback immediately and often to influence someone’s behaviours.  By doing this as a matter of course, individuals will come to expect quick feedback and therefore perform better. 

But how does this affect 360 Degree Feedback, which is usually given once or twice a year, and therefore must necessarily suffer from the time lag between the activity and the feedback?

360 feedback should never be just a repetition of particular episodes or events that have already been discussed (or should have been discussed) when they happened.  We often find that when these events are put into a 360 feedback they can skew the discussion away from the key messages on strengths and development needs.

So what should happen if I give you immediate feedback, like this, right after a meeting:
“I was upset that you didn’t give me an update before the client meeting.  I felt that you left me out.  I would appreciate if you could update me in good time before the next meeting”.

So what if I’m completing a 360 Degree Feedback on this colleague six months later?

Do I repeat this in the 360 free text boxes, and do I score my colleague as ’Hardly ever keeps me informed on important issues’?   Or do I just forget about it?

My advice would be to leave this out of the 360 feedback if the action or behaviour has been dealt with and changed by that person by the time the 360 comes around. 

There is no point in bringing it up again and making it a problem if it has ceased to be one.  What would be great would be to say ’X has really made an effort to provide me with information before client meetings and I really appreciate this’. 

If X is still doing the same thing, then a reference to it should be made, something like: ‘X is aware that I feel I am not kept updated with information before client meetings’.  There is no value in repeating lots of detail that has already been discussed, although the main point still needs to be made.

Marshall Goldsmith, who’s a fantastic writer on coaching and personal and professional development, talks in this article about how we define ourselves and how we can change our behaviours and skills by defining ourselves positively - he says that it’s just as bad to stereotype yourself negatively as it is to stereotype others.

 While I agree with this, I would add a couple of key things:

1. Whilst we should, of course, focus on our strengths and not our weaknesses, it’s important to get 360 Degree Feedback from others too. We don’t always see our own behaviours the way others see them, and we don’t always understand the effect we can have on the people around us.  We all have a ‘blind spot’ and it’s important not to forget about that.

2. What Marshall doesn’t mention is the importance of the will to change: even if you are clear and honest about your skills and behaviours, you can only change these if you really want to change them.  So if you keep going back to the same behaviours, or if you’re a coach with a client who isn’t improving, then you need to go back to the basic question: “do I (or does my client) really want to change?”

This is a great article summarising 10 Strategies for focusing on What’s Strong, rather than What’s Wrong, in counselling and therapy.

The Strategies could equally apply to making your 360 Degree Feedback, and the coaching and development that support it, positive and empowering for managers and employees.

You can do this by:

• Defining what great performance looks like, and building your 360 Degree Feedback around the actions that indicate great performance
• Focusing only on less strong behaviours if those behaviours are critical for the individual in doing their job and achieving their objectives.
• Discussing with individuals how they can practically put their strengths to best effect when doing their job
• Using strength based questions to solve problems, such as ‘How can you use this area of strength to bring about the results you want’?

Looking for some tips on how to give your Boss feedback without getting fired?
Here are some thoughts, including how 360 Degree Feedback can help.